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  1. ScienceDirect
    https://www.sciencedirect.com › science › article › pii

    Flooding Tolerance in Rice: Focus on Mechanisms and Approaches

    • Flooding is one of the most hazardous natural disasters and a major stress constraint to rice production throughout the world, which results in huge economic loss. Approximately one-fourth of the g… See more

    Flooding stress and flooding affected area

    Although rice plants require large amount of water during growth, flooding stress results in … See more

    ScienceDirect
    Types of flooding stress

    Flooding during germination
    Soil water logging normally takes place in case of rainfall after sowing of seeds and particularly where the lands are not properly lev… See more

    ScienceDirect
    Environmental parameters associated with flooding stress

    Flooding causes many complex abiotic stresses (Jackson and Ram, 2003, Sarkar et al., 2006, Bailey-Serres et al., 2010), and the amount of harm that may be caused to the inundat… See more

    ScienceDirect
    Effects of flooding on morphology of rice plants

    Leaf traits
    Flooding hinders formation of new leaf, and reduces total leaf area and promotes leaf senescence (Kato et al., 2014). Singh et al. (2014) obs… See more

    ScienceDirect
    Effects of flooding on physiology of rice plants

    Photosynthetic gas exchange
    One of the crucial processes for plant growth is ‘Photosynthesis’. By this process, solar energy used by green plants is converted i… See more

    ScienceDirect
    Is rice prone to flooding?
    Almost all varieties of rice are keenly susceptible to flooding and get easily affected or damaged at the time of germination (Yamauchi et al., 1993, Ismail et al., 2009, Angaji et al., 2010, Miro and Ismail, 2013, Lee et al., 2014, Singh et al., 2017).
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    Table of Contents
    Flooding stress and flooding affected area
    Types of flooding stress
    Environmental parameters associated with flooding stress
    Effects of flooding on morphology of rice plants
    Effects of flooding on physiology of rice plants
    Is rice prone to flooding?
     
  1. Flooded rice refers to rice cultivation in irrigated, rainfed, or deep-water systems1. These systems have a growing cycle of approximately 105-150 days, depending on the variety. Deepwater rice is grown in flooded conditions with water more than 50 cm deep for at least a month2. However, flooding can lead to poor germination, seedling establishment, and yield losses3. On the positive side, rice grown under flooded conditions suppresses weeds and achieves better growth and higher yields4.
    Learn more:
    What is flooded rice? Flooded rice systems, a type of paddy rice, are irrigated, rainfed, or deep-water rice production systems with a growing cycle of approximately 105-150 days, depending on the variety. Flooded rice is cultivated for up to two or three seasons each year.

    Flooded rice systems: Emissions & mitiga…

    agledx.ccafs.cgiar.org/emissions-led-options/produ…
    Deepwater rice are varieties of rice (Oryza sativa) grown in flooded conditions with water more than 50 cm (20 in) deep for at least a month. More than 100 million people in Southeast Asia including Northeastern India rely on deepwater rice for their sustenance.

    Deepwater rice - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deepwater_rice
    Flooding creates hypoxic conditions resulting in poor germination and seedling establishment. Flash flooding, where rice plants are completely submerged for 10–15 d during their vegetative stage, causes huge losses. Water stagnation for weeks to months also leads to substantial yield losses when large parts of rice aerial tissues are inundated.

    Genetics, Physiological Mechanisms and …

    academic.oup.com/pcp/article/58/2/185/2847289
    Rice requires more water than most other crops. Most rice varieties achieve better growth and produce higher yields when they are grown under flooded conditions than under aerobic conditions. In addition, the ponded water helps to suppress the weeds, especially broadleaf types.

    Water Balance of Flooded Rice in the Tro…

    www.intechopen.com/chapters/47478
  2. People also ask
    What is flooded rice?
    Flooded rice systems, a type of paddy rice, are irrigated, rainfed, or deep-water rice production systems with a growing cycle of approximately 105-150 days, depending on the variety. Flooded rice is cultivated for up to two or three seasons each year.

    Flooded rice systems: Emissions & mitigation strategies - AgLED

    agledx.ccafs.cgiar.org
    What are the disadvantages of eating rice?

    Michael Colangelo

    Master of Science (M.S.) in Nutrition · 15 years of exp

    There are many varieties of rice and all of them can be part of a healthy diet. The healthfulness of rice is associated with how much it is refined or processed. Short grain polished white rice will have fewer nutrients overall, particularly fiber, and be more likely to increase blood sugar compared to brown rice or wild rice. This effect may be troublesome for those with pre-diabetes, diabetes, or metabolic syndrome, especially if over-consumed consistently. The effect rice has on blood sugar can be influenced by the total amount consumed and the other foods it is consumed with. A reasonable amount of rice to consume daily will vary across individuals and cultures. One recent study suggested that less than 1.5 cups a day was not associated with an increase type 2 diabetes.
    2 more answers
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    Is rice prone to flooding?
    Almost all varieties of rice are keenly susceptible to flooding and get easily affected or damaged at the time of germination (Yamauchi et al., 1993, Ismail et al., 2009, Angaji et al., 2010, Miro and Ismail, 2013, Lee et al., 2014, Singh et al., 2017).

    Flooding Tolerance in Rice: Focus on Mechanisms and Approaches

    sciencedirect.com
    Do rice shoots elongate during flood?
    Most of rice genotypes elongate their shoots under complete flooding (Fig. 1). Flash flooding tolerant varieties reduce shoot growth while remaining in flood, conserving their energy which is used for survival soon after recession flood water (Jackson and Ram, 2003, Bailey-Serres et al., 2010, Goswami et al., 2017, Bui et al., 2019).

    Flooding Tolerance in Rice: Focus on Mechanisms and Approaches

    sciencedirect.com
    What happens if a rice field is flooded?
    Flooded fields lead to abnormal plant growth. It limits oxygen and sunlight, thus limiting the plant's food. Flooding can occur anywhere where water can be backed up. Rice stems have nodes, which break when there is tremendous pressure due to strong wind/rainfall occur. Cloudiness lessens the process of food-producing photosynthesis.

    Flooding or submergence - IRRI Rice Knowledge Bank

    knowledgebank.irri.org
    Can rice survive a flood?
    Rice in deepwater paddy fields can survive a slow-rising flood by a remarkably rapid elongation of submerged stem sections. Two genes discovered to affect this process could aid targeted improvements in crop height and flood tolerance. Modulators of stem length enable plants to cope with floods.

    Genetic drivers of high-rise rice that survives deep floods - Nature

    nature.com
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  3. Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Paddy_field

    Paddy field - Wikipedia

  5. Springer
    https://link.springer.com › article

    Flooding tolerance in Rice: adaptive mechanism and marker

  6. Wiley Online Library
    https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com › doi

    Flood and drought tolerance in rice: opposite but may …

    Mar 6, 2016 · Prolonged flood tolerance. Rice is an unique crop that has ecotypes that are well-adapted in prolonged (1–5 months) deepwater (1–5 meters) flood; hence they are called deepwater rice (Cattling 1992). …

  7. Nature
    https://www.nature.com › articles

    Greenhouse gas emissions and mitigation in rice agriculture

  8. Nature
    https://www.nature.com › articles

    Genetic drivers of high-rise rice that survives deep …

    Jul 15, 2020 · Rice in deepwater paddy fields can survive a slow-rising flood by a remarkably rapid elongation of submerged stem sections. Two genes discovered to affect this process could aid targeted ...

  9. IRRI Rice Knowledge Bank
    http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org › deci…

    Flooding or submergence - IRRI Rice Knowledge Bank

    Learn how flooding affects rice growth, yield, and quality, and how to identify and manage it. Find out the causes, symptoms, and varieties of flooding-tolerant rice.

  10. ScienceDirect
    https://www.sciencedirect.com › science › article › pii

    Modeling organically fertilized flooded rice systems and its long …

  11. National Geographic Education
    https://education.nationalgeographic.or…

    The Path to Flood-Tolerant Rice - Education

    Oct 1, 2024 · Because rice is one of the biggest food staples around the world, the discovery of flood-resistant rice was a game-changing discovery, and has led to more genetic engineering breakthroughs that will help farmers keep …